A strain or sprain is an injury to the tendons, muscles, or ligaments around a joint.

If the pain and swelling have decreased 48 hours after a sprain, move the affected joint in all directions. However, keep pressure off the injured area until the pain subsides (usually 7 to 10 days for mild sprains and 3 to 5 weeks for severe sprains.

Things to do:

· Restrict the movement of the affected area. Use a splint if necessary.

· Avoid activities that cause pain or swelling. Rest.

· Apply cold compresses immediately (this will help reduce swelling). Avoid using ice directly on the skin.

· Bandage the affected area firmly but not tightly.

· Raise the swollen arm or leg joint above the level of the heart--especially at night while sleeping.

· Think RICE for sprains (R = Rest, I = Ice, C = Compression and immobilization, E = Elevate the area).

Do Not:

- give the victim anything by mouth if a severe injury is suspected.
- ignore pain that persists. Rest any body part that is in pain.

Get medical advice right away if:

- a broken bone is suspected or if there has been a serious injury or persistent pain.
- there is an audible popping sound and immediate difficulty in using the joint.